Table of Content
Introduction to Bitumen
Definition of Bitumen
Bitumen is defined as a viscous liquid or solid, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons and their derivatives, which is soluble in trichloro-ethylene and is largely non-volatile and softens slowly on heating. It is black or brown in color and has waterproof and adhesive properties. It is obtained from petroleum by refinery processes, and is also found as natural deposits or as a component of naturally occurring asphalt in which it is associated with mineral mats. Bitumen, used in applications such as asphalt concrete, asphalt pavement, bitumen paint and asphalt road construction, is a key material in bitumen emulsions, hot mix asphalt, bitumen roofing and bituminous waterproofing.
Grades of Bitumen
Bitumen grades classify bitumen into different groups based on its physical properties, mainly penetration and viscosity. Penetration grades show how stiff the bitumen is by measuring how deep a needle penetrates under certain conditions. Higher values mean softer bitumen, while viscosity grades measure how resistant the bitumen is to flow, higher viscosity means thicker. These grading systems are very important for deciding the right way to use bitumen in different locations and conditions. Softer bitumen grades work best in cold climates as they remain flexible and strong against temperature changes, while harder grades are better at preventing deformation and remaining stable in hot locations. Check out some common bitumen grades:
Penetration Grade
This grade tells us how stiff or soft the bitumen is by measuring how deep a needle penetrates into the bitumen under specific conditions.
30/40: Suitable for high-temperature areas.